Northern Pomo Phrasicon

kaynaʔ ch'o:na:m bits'uts'ay nat̪e ʔa: diley pʰakye
	kaynaʔ	ch'o:	-na:m	bits'u	-ts'ay	nat̪e	?a:	diley	pʰak	-ye
	chicken	egg	-the	small	-plural	but	I	all	sell	-past
although the eggs were small I sold them all
EC

bich'uʔ ʔa: t̪ʰana-wi jado:ji
	bich'uʔ	ʔa:	t̪ʰana	-wi	jado:	-ji
	small	I	hand	-with	pick up	-semelf.
I pick up a little bit with my hands
ES

bich'uʔ ʔa: jado:ji
	bich'uʔ	ʔa:	jado:	-ji
	small	I	pick up	-semelf.
I pick up a little bit
ES

kahon hoʔ
	kahon	hoʔ
	box	small
small box little box
ES

xale bich'uch'ay dile: xabe mato jima
	xale	bich'u	-ch'ay	dile:	xabe	mato	jima
	tree	small	-plural	between	rock	big	sit
a big rock is sitting between small trees
ES

xale ho:way dile: xabe mato jima
	xale	ho:	-way	dile:	xabe	mato	jima
	tree	small	-plural	between	rock	big	sit
a big rock is sitting between small trees (2)
ES

xale xo: bits'uts'ay dile: xabe mato jima
	xale	xo:	bits'u	-ts'ay	dile:	xabe	mato	jima
	tree	two	small	-plural	between	rock	big	sit
a big rock is sitting between two little trees
ES

ho:wayna:mil dile: xabe mato jima
	ho:	-way	-na:m	-mil	dile:	xabe	mato	jima
	small	-plural	-the	-from.that	between	rock	big	sit
a big rock is sitting between those small ones
ES

xale ho:way
	xale	ho:	-way
	tree	small	-plural
small trees
ES

ts'it̪ bits'uts'ay
	ts'it̪	bits'u	-ts'ay
	bird	small	-plural
tiny birds little birds
ES

ts'it̪ bich'uʔya:ʔ ja:din
	ts'it̪	bich'uʔ	-ya:ʔ	ja:di	-n
	bird	small	-nom.	fly	-ing
the small bird is flying
ES

hayu bits'uʔya:ʔ ts'it̪ maʔa
	hayu	bits'uʔ	-ya:ʔ	ts'it̪	maʔa
	dog	small	-nom.	bird	eat
the little dog is eating a bird
EC

k'ayan bits'uts'ay
	k'ayan	bits'u	-ts'ay
	duck	small	-plural
little ducks tiny ducks
ES

mu:l kawina:mya:ʔ hayu bits'uʔna:m shima kane
	mu:l	kawi	-na:m	-ya:ʔ	hayu	bits'uʔ	-na:m	shima	kane
	that	child	-the	-nom.	dog	small	-the	ear	bite
the child bit the small dog's ear the child bit the puppy's ear
ES

kawiya baa hoʔna:mo:wal ditʰale
	kawiya baa	hoʔ	-na:m	-mo:wal	ditʰale
	boy	small	-the	-him	hurt
the little boy is hurt
ES

kawiya baa hoʔna:mo:wal ditʰale
	kawiya baa	hoʔ	-na:m	-mo:wal	ditʰale
	boy	small	-the	-him	sick
the little boy is sick
ES

ba-pʰane mo:wal baʔole
	ba-pʰane	mo:wal	baʔole
	his daughter	him	call
his daughter called him (could be his own daughter or someone else's)
EC

kawiya baa hoʔna:mo:w t̪o: baʔole
	kawiya baa	hoʔ	-na:m	-mo:w	t̪o:	baʔole
	boy	small	-the	-he	me	call
the little boy called me
ES

bich'uʔ jaxaʔant̪e mo:wal balay banema
	bich'uʔ	ja-	-xa	-ʔa	-nt̪e	mo:wal	balay	bane	-ma
	small	with knife-	-cut	-reflex.	-but	him	blood	flow	-cont.
even though he cut himself a little, he bled he cut himself a little but he (still) bled
EC

hayu bits'uts'ay
	hayu	bits'u	-ts'ay
	dog	small	-plural
small dogs puppies
ES

hayu bits'uʔna:mya:ʔ ts'it̪ maʔa:jade
	hayu	bits'uʔ	-na:m	-ya:ʔ	ts'it̪	maʔa:	-j	-ade
	dog	small	-the	-nom.	bird	eat	-semelf.	-present
the little dog is going to eat a bird
EC

nan ʔal hayu bich'uʔna:m shuʔu:jadiʔin
	nan	ʔal	hayu	bich'uʔ	-na:m	shuʔu:	-j	-adi	-ʔi	-n
	and	this	dog	small	-the	crazy	-semelf.	-present	-reflex.	-ing
and this small dog is going crazy
EC

hayu hoʔna:mya:ʔ mit̪o k'ana:hut̪i nat̪e ma manitʰin

hayu

hoʔ

-na:m

-ya:ʔ

mit̪o

k'ana:

-hu

-t̪i

nat̪e

manitʰi

-n

dog

small

-the

-nom.

you

-go

-mev.

but

you

hate

-ing

the dog keeps coming close to you but you hate (it)

hayu hoʔna:mya:ʔ mit̪o k'ana:hut̪i nat̪e ma mo:wal manitʰin

hayu

hoʔ

-na:m

-ya:ʔ

mit̪o

k'ana:

-hu

-t̪i

nat̪e

mo:wal

manitʰi

-n

dog

small

-the

-nom.

you

-go

-mev.

but

you

him

hate

-ing

the dog keeps coming close to you but you hate him

hayu bits'uʔ kalena:mya:ʔ she: le:maʔa
	hayu	bits'uʔ	kale	-na:m	-ya:ʔ	she:	le:maʔa
	dog	small	white	-the	-nom.	now	notice
the small white dog just woke up
EC

hayu bich'uʔ
	hayu	bich'uʔ
	dog	small
small dog puppy
EC

t̪a mit̪o lok'aʔ
	t̪a	mit̪o	lok'a	-ʔ
	Q	you	fall	-Q
did you fall? (note: the first was specifically said to be showing surprise, the second is showing concern.)
EC

madayjihi hayu bits'uʔ kalenayya:ʔ lok'ye
	ma-	-day	-ji	-hi	hayu	bits'uʔ	kale	-nay	-ya:ʔ	lok'	-ye
	foot-	-slip	-semelf.	-having	dog	small	white	-the	-nom.	fall	-past
that small white dog slipped and fell
EC

ʔa:mi-t'iy pʰow wayʔe jaw pʰiliji nakan kʰila: ʔa: na
	ʔa:mi-t'iy	pʰow	wayʔe	ja	-w	pʰili	-ji	nakan	kʰila:	ʔa:	na
	my younger brother	they	early	house	-dir.	go.plural	-semelf.	because	alone	I	be
my younger siblings went home earlier so I am alone "went home" in this instance is another way of saying "died".
EC

shana:m maʔaya
	sha	-na:m	maʔa	-ya
	fish	-the	eat	-passive
the fish was eaten (my in-law) ate the fish (this construction was used to indirectly talk about an in-law)
EC

mu:l ʔuy bits'uts'ayna:m
	mu:l	ʔuy	bits'u	-ts'ay	-na:m
	that	eye	small	-plural	-the
those small eyes
ES

mu:l ʔuy ho:wayna:m
	mu:l	ʔuy	ho:	-way	-na:m
	that	eye	small	-plural	-the
those small eyes (2)
ES

mit̪o ma-baʔak t̪a pʰow naʔ
	mit̪o	ma-baʔak	t̪a	pʰow	na	-ʔ
	you	grandchild (son's child)	Q	they	be	-Q
are they your grandchildren? (asking a man)
ES

ma-kaʔak kawi ch'a:
	ma-kaʔak	kawi	ch'a:
	grandchild (daughter's child)	child	one
one grandchild (a grandmother's one grandchild)
ES

t̪o: ma-baʔak ma:n na
	t̪o: ma-baʔak	ma:n	na
	my grandchild (son's child)	she	be
she is my grandchild (grandfather's grandchild)
ES

t̪o: ma-kaʔak min na
	t̪o: ma-kaʔak	min	na
	my grandchild (daughter's child)	thus	be
that is my grandchild my grandchild is that way (grandmother's daughter's child)
ES

t̪o: ma-baʔak min na
	t̪o: ma-baʔak	min	na
	my grandchild (son's child)	thus	be
that is my grandchild my grandchild is that way (grandfather's son's child)
ES

mu:l t̪o: ma-kaʔak kawi na
	mu:l	t̪o: ma-kaʔak	kawi	na
	that	my grandchild (daughter's child)	child	be
that is my grandchild (grandmother's daughter's child)
ES

pʰowal ma-kaʔakt̪ana:m
	pʰowal ma-kaʔakt̪a	-na:m
	their grandchildren (daughter's children)	-the
their grandchildren (grandmother's daughter's children)
ES

t̪o: ma-baʔakt̪a pʰow na
	t̪o: ma-baʔakt̪a	pʰow	na
	my grandchildren (son's children)	they	be
they are my grandchildren (grandfather's son's children)
ES

mit̪o ma-baʔakt̪ana:m pʰow
	mit̪o ma-baʔakt̪a	-na:m	pʰow
	your grandchildren (son's children)	-the	they
your grandchildren (grandfather's son's children)
ES

mit̪o ma-baʔakt̪ana:m pʰow kolpʰili
	mit̪o ma-baʔakt̪a	-na:m	pʰow	kol	-pʰili
	your grandchildren (son's children)	-the	they	away	-go.plural
your grandchildren left your grandchildren went away (grandfather's son's children)
ES

mit̪o ma-tsaʔakt̪ana:m kolpʰili
	mit̪o ma-tsaʔakt̪a	-na:m	kol	-pʰili
	your grandchildren (daughter's children)	-the	away	-go.plural
your grandchildren left your grandchildren went away (grandfather's daughter's children)
ES

ja:ʔ ho nen
	ja:ʔ	ho	ne	-n
	person	fire	put	-ing
putting a person on a fire Cultural note: When someone was really sick, a pit was dug and filled with wood, over which a rack with pepperwood and bay leaves were placed with a blanket (or hide in the old days.) Over that, the sick person was lain. The fire was burned to coals and water was thrown on so steam would come up through the leaves. The person stayed there for a whole afternoon. Medicine men would do this for a lot of different diseases. This process was called ja:ʔ ho nen
EC

kapelna:m t̪a ma se:jiʔ
	kapel	-na:m	t̪a	ma	se:	-ji	-ʔ
	paper	-the	Q	you	flirt	-semelf.	-Q
are you flirting with the book? Edna said her mother would ask her this if she was reading a book and laughed to herself or found something amusing while reading
EC

nan min bich'uʔ nant̪e ʔa: ma:daʔ xama: xolhut̪in
	nan	min	bich'uʔ	nant̪e	ʔa:	ma:daʔ	xama:	xol-	-hu	-t̪i	-n
	and	thus	small	but	I	her	accompany	around	-go	-mev.	-ing
and even though I was young, I went around with her and although I was young, I followed her around
EC

ya kawiya ma:t̪a ho:way nada
	ya	kawiya ma:t̪a	ho:	-way	na	-da
	we	girl	small	-plural	be	-when
when we were young girls when we were little girls
ES

ma: mina: baʔanʔa
	ma:	mina:	baʔan	-ʔa
	land	on top of	birth	-passive
bastard child child born without a father Edna said, "Among the Indian people that was a disgrace, just like it was among the white people."
EC

hayu hoʔna:m bade:de
	hayu	hoʔ	-na:m	bade:de
	dog	small	-the	grow
the small dog is growing the puppy is growing
EC

jano miyin meʔ k'edi bade:din
	jano	miyi	-n	meʔ	k'edi	bade:di	-n
	word	tell	-ing	char.	good	grow	-ing
telling a story so it grows well when talking about this phrase, Edna says, "it's like a train of thought, you might say; everything has to be one after the other, whatever happened, it must be told in sequence"
EC

ʔa: bich'uʔna:muut̪u ʔa: mu:l min showʔye
	ʔa:	bich'uʔ	-na:m	-muu	-t̪u	ʔa:	mu:l	min	show	-ʔ	-ye
	I	small	-the	-there	-from	I	that	thus	hear	-semelf.	-past
from the time I was little, I heard that I have heard it that way since I was young
EC

daket' ma showʔkʰemna
	daket'	ma	show	-ʔ	-kʰemna
	difficult	you	hear	-semelf.	-future
yes, you are going to hear (me)! yes, you're going to listen! "like you're telling somebody something and they just shrug it off, "oh you'll hear it!"
EC

daket' ma sho:wjade
	daket'	ma	sho:w	-j	-ade
	difficult	you	hear	-semelf.	-present
yes, you are going to hear (me)! (2) yes, you're going to listen! (2) "like you're telling somebody something and they just shrug it off, "oh you'll hear it!"
EC

du: jano janon daʔadin meʔ ma mu:l haba: t̪'oxale na

du:

jano

-n

daʔa

-di

-n

meʔ

mu:l

haba:

t̪'o

-xale

other

language

speak

-ing

want

-present

-ing

char.

you

that

tongue

suck

-should

if you want to speak another language, you have to suck tongues
Edna said, “Old Indian women would say that to us all the time. We’d make a remark about not being able to understand another dialect and we’d laugh at the old ladies when they’d say that to us. I never was able to tell if it was a joke or not, whether we should or whether it was done or not!”

du: janon daʔadin meʔ ma mu:l haba: t̪'oxale nanway

du:

jano

-n

daʔa

-di

-n

meʔ

mu:l

haba:

t̪'o

-xale

nanway

other

speak

-ing

want

-present

-ing

char.

you

that

tongue

suck

-should

disc.mrkr.

if you want to speak another (language), you have to suck tongues
Edna said, “Old Indian women would say that to us all the time. We’d make a remark about not being able to understand another dialect and we’d laugh at the old ladies when they’d say that to us. I never was able to tell if it was a joke or not, whether we should or whether it was done or not!”

hamuu jama
	ha	-muu	ja	-ma
	mouth	-there	jump	-cont.
jump to one's mouth from Edna: "you say something unknowing, never thinking of what you're saying. (Or) searching for a word, then all of a sudden you remember it."
EC

t̪o: haw jamye
	t̪o:	ha	-w	ja	-m	-ye
	me	mouth	-dir.	jump	-cont.	-past
(it) jumped to my mouth from Edna: "you say something unknowing, never thinking of what you're saying. (Or) searching for a word, then all of a sudden you remember it."
EC

t̪o: hamuu jama
	t̪o:	ha	-muu	ja	-ma
	me	mouth	-there	jump	-cont.
(it) jumped to my mouth (2) from Edna: "you say something unknowing, never thinking of what you're saying. (Or) searching for a word, then all of a sudden you remember it."
EC

t̪ʰana jama
	t̪ʰana	ja	-ma
	hand	jump	-cont.
jump to (one's) hand from Edna: “You just did that so perfectly, quickly, you say t̪ʰana jama, unthought of but it happens quickly. Aunt Maggie could make sourdough bread like nobody’s business, mom would say something to her about it and she’d respond “to jali:l t̪ʰana jama”, it just jumped in my hand.
EC

t̪o: t̪ʰana jama
	t̪o:	t̪ʰana	ja	-ma
	me	hand	jump	-cont.
(it) jumped to my hand from Edna: “You just did that so perfectly, quickly, you say t̪ʰana jama, unthought of but it happens quickly. Aunt Maggie could make sourdough bread like nobody’s business, mom would say something to her about it and she’d respond “to jali:l t̪ʰana jama”, it just jumped in my hand.
EC

mu:lya:ʔ t̪o: t̪ʰana jama
	mu:l	-ya:ʔ	t̪o:	t̪ʰana	ja	-ma
	that	-nom.	me	hand	jump	-cont.
that jumped to my hand from Edna: “You just did that so perfectly, quickly, you say t̪ʰana jama, unthought of but it happens quickly. Aunt Maggie could make sourdough bread like nobody’s business, mom would say something to her about it and she’d respond “to jali:l t̪ʰana jama”, it just jumped in my hand.
EC

t̪o: jali:l t̪ʰana jama
	t̪o:	jali:l	t̪ʰana	ja	-ma
	me	just	hand	jump	-cont.
(it) just jumped to my hand from Edna: “You just did that so perfectly, quickly, you say t̪ʰana jama, unthought of but it happens quickly. Aunt Maggie could make sourdough bread like nobody’s business, mom would say something to her about it and she’d respond “to jali:l t̪ʰana jama”, it just jumped in my hand.
EC

t̪a mit̪o t̪ʰana jamaʔ
	t̪a	mit̪o	t̪ʰana	ja	-ma	-ʔ
	Q	you	hand	jump	-cont.	-Q
did it jump to your hand? from Edna: “You just did that so perfectly, quickly, you say t̪ʰana jama, unthought of but it happens quickly. Aunt Maggie could make sourdough bread like nobody’s business, mom would say something to her about it and she’d respond “to jali:l t̪ʰana jama”, it just jumped in my hand.
EC

hay bits'uts'ayna:meʔ pʰiʔeladin
	hay	bits'u	-ts'ay	-na:m	-meʔ	pʰiʔel	-adi	-n
	wood	small	-plural	-the	-char.	search	-present	-ing
looking for little bits of wood searching for small pieces of wood
ES

baaka hoʔya:ʔ t̪'ot̪'on
	baaka	hoʔ	-ya:ʔ	t̪'o	-t̪'o	-n
	cow	small	-nom.	suckle	-redup.	-ing
the small cow is nursing the small cow is suckling
ES

tʰeʔ bich'uʔ
	tʰeʔ	bich'uʔ
	rug	small
little rug small rug
EC

baa ma na du:shuk nam
	baa	ma	na	du:shuk	na	-m
	man	you	be	quiet	be	-command
you are a man, be quiet! Edna said this was used to quiet a small boy who was crying or fussing
EC

bikut'ayna:meʔ ʔa: k'aye kʰe dat̪iyi
	bikut'	-ay	-na:m	-meʔ	ʔa:	k'aye	kʰe	dat̪iyi
	small	-plural	-the	-char.	I	self	from	pick out
I sort the small ones by themselves I picked out the small ones by themselves
ES

bikut'ayna:m ʔa: k'aye kʰe dat̪iyi
	bikut'	-ay	-na:m	ʔa:	k'aye	kʰe	dat̪iyi
	short	-plural	-the	I	self	from	sort
I sort the small ones by themselves (2) I picked out the small ones by themselves (2)
ES

ho:way dat̪iyin
	ho:	-way	dat̪iyi	-n
	small	-plural	sort	-ing
sorting out small ones picking out small ones
EC