Northern Pomo Phrasicon

nakan bitaa datʰaʔna:ma:n jawinaman
	nakan	bitaa	datʰaʔ	-na:m	-ma:n	jawina	-ma	-n
	because	black bear	old woman	-the	-she	run	-cont.	-ing
so then Bear Old Lady was running so then Bear Old Lady ran
EC

tsinakan t̪a jini: donʔaʔ
	tsinakan	t̪a	jini:	don	-ʔa	-ʔ
	why	Q	bread	make	-passive	-Q
why is bread being made?
EC

tsinakan t̪a jini: donʔayʔ
	tsinakan	t̪a	jini:	don	-ʔa	-y	-ʔ
	why	Q	bread	make	-passive	-past	-Q
why was bread made?
EC

tsinakan t̪a ʔal jini: donʔayʔ
	tsinakan	t̪a	ʔal	jini:	don	-ʔa	-y	-ʔ
	why	Q	this	bread	make	-passive	-past	-Q
why was this bread made?
EC

nan k'o nakan t̪a ma mu:l bila:yʔ
	nan	k'o	nakan	t̪a	ma	mu:l	bila:	-y	-ʔ
	and	what	because	Q	you	that	buy	-past	-Q
and what did you buy that for?
EC

k'o nakan t̪a ma mu:l bila:yʔ
	k'o	nakan	t̪a	ma	mu:l	bila:	-y	-ʔ
	what	because	Q	you	that	buy	-past	-Q
what did you buy that for?
EC

nan k'o nakan t̪a ma mu:l bila:ʔ
	nan	k'o	nakan	t̪a	ma	mu:l	bila:	-ʔ
	and	what	because	Q	you	that	buy	-Q
and what did you buy that for? (2)
EC

tsinakan t̪a ma mu:l bila:ʔ
	tsinakan	t̪a	ma	mu:l	bila:	-ʔ
	why	Q	you	that	buy	-Q
why did you buy that?
EC

nan k'o nakan t̪a ma mu:l bila:ʔ mu:l t̪a ma kʰets'ama: maʔakʰeʔ

nan

t̪a

-ʔ

t̪a

-kʰe

-ʔ

and

what

because

you

that

buy

-Q

that

you

winter

eat

-future

-Q

and what did you buy that for? will you eat that this winter?

ma:n minakan ʔa: duhu
	ma:n	mina	-ka	-n	ʔa:	duhu
	she	cry	-cause	-ing	I	go
she is crying so I left because she is crying, I left
EC

ma:n minay nakan ʔa: duhu
	ma:n	mina	-y	nakan	ʔa:	duhu
	she	cry	-past	because	I	go
she cried so I left
EC

mo:w duhudo nakan ʔa: mina
	mo:w	duhu	-do	nakan	ʔa:	mina
	he	go	-evid.	because	I	cry
(I) heard he left so I cried
EC

kawiya baana:mo:w kawina:m minaka
	kawiya baa	-na:m	-mo:w	kawi	-na:m	mina	-ka
	boy	-the	-he	child	-the	cry	-cause
the boy let the child cry
EC

mo:w minakan ma:n xamalhu
	mo:w	mina	-ka	-n	ma:n	xamal	-hu
	he	cry	-cause	-ing	she	back	-go
because he cried, she went back
EC

minakan shinuʔya
	min	-nakan	shinuʔ	-ya
	thus	-because	drunk	-passive
that is why (they) got drunk
EC

ʔa:mi-t'iy pʰow wayʔe jaw pʰiliji nakan kʰila: ʔa: na
	ʔa:mi-t'iy	pʰow	wayʔe	ja	-w	pʰili	-ji	nakan	kʰila:	ʔa:	na
	my younger brother	they	early	house	-dir.	go.plural	-semelf.	because	alone	I	be
my younger siblings went home earlier so I am alone "went home" in this instance is another way of saying "died".
EC

maʔamaʔant̪ʰin mo:w nakan ʔa: maʔa kaxa:kʰena
	maʔa	-maʔa	-n	-t̪ʰin	mo:w	nakan	ʔa:	maʔa	kaxa:	-kʰena
	food	-eat	-ing	-not	he	because	I	food	give	-future
because he has not eaten I will give him food
EC

ʔoʔ mo:w maʔamaʔant̪ʰin nakan ʔa: maʔa kaxa:kʰena
	ʔoʔ	mo:w	maʔa	-maʔa	-n	-t̪ʰin	nakan	ʔa:	maʔa	kaxa:	-kʰena
	still	he	food	-eat	-ing	-not	because	I	food	give	-future
because he still has not eaten I will give him food (2)
EC

tsinakan t̪a pʰow k'o maʔanhaʔ
	tsinakan	t̪a	pʰow	k'o	maʔa	-nha	-ʔ
	why	Q	they	not	eat	-not	-Q
why did they not eat (it)?
EC

tsinakan t̪a k'o maʔanhaʔ
	tsinakan	t̪a	k'o	maʔa	-nha	-ʔ
	why	Q	not	eat	-not	-Q
why did (he) not eat (it)?
EC

mo:w maʔamaʔat̪ʰin nakan ʔa: mo:wal maʔa kaxa:kʰena
	mo:w	maʔa	-maʔa	-t̪ʰin	nakan	ʔa:	mo:wal	maʔa	kaxa:	-kʰena
	he	food	-eat	-not	because	I	him	food	give	-future
he hasn't eaten so I will give him food because he has not eaten I will feed him
EC

nan tsinakan t̪a ma k'o mu:l maʔanhaʔ
	nan	tsinakan	t̪a	ma	k'o	mu:l	maʔa	-nha	-ʔ
	and	why	Q	you	not	that	eat	-not	-Q
and why aren't you eating that?
EC

muukʰe ma-ʔe nakan pʰow muu pʰon
	muu	-kʰe	ma-ʔe	nakan	pʰow	muu	pʰo	-n
	there	-from	their father	because	they	there	live	-ing
because their father is from there, they are living there
EC

yem ʔul nant̪e ma-pʰane minʔi dakol nakan mo:w ma:dal min dode hin ba-tʰe t̪'a:ʔade

yem

ʔul

nant̪e

ma-pʰane

min

-ʔi

min

dode

-n

ba-tʰe

t̪'a:ʔad

-e

old

now

but

her daughter

thus

-adv.

wild

because

her

thus

make

say

-ing

her mother

think

-present

even though her daughter is old now, she is still wild; he made her that way, her mother thinks

nakaha ma-kaʔaʔ jana:muuxaʔ jakan
	naka	-ha	ma-kaʔ	-aʔ	ja	-na:m	-muu	-xaʔ	jaka	-n
	because	-having	his maternal grandmother	-obl.	house	-the	-there	-towards	carry	-ing
so then (he) carried it to his grandmother's house there so then (she) carried it to her grandmother's house there so then (they) carried it to their grandmother's house there
EC

t̪it̪i t̪ʰana he:ch' kolay subu nakan ma:n jaxaʔa
	t̪it̪i	t̪ʰana he:ch'	kol	-ay	subu	nakan	ma:n	jaxa	-ʔa
	her.logo.	fingernail	long	-plural	three	because	she	cut	-reflex.
because three of her fingernails were long, she cut them
EC

nakan kawiya baana:mpʰow pʰik'ana:mu:l xadin
	nakan	kawiya baa	-na:m	-pʰow	pʰik'a	-na:m	-mu:l	xadi	-n
	because	boy	-the	-they	basket	-the	-that	get	-ing
so then the boys were getting baskets
EC

kasi: koman nakan t̪o: ya: kanana
	kasi:	koma	-n	nakan	t̪o:	ya:	kanana
	cold	happen	-ing	because	me	bone	ache
it is cold (weather) so my bones ache
EC

k'edi yal nakam
	k'edi	yal	na	-ka	-m
	good	us	be	-cause	-command
make us good! (command) make us be kind! (command)
EC

nakan datʰaʔna:ma:n ma-ʔodal bel to: ji pʰiʔelim shina:t̪u t̪o: jalil ji diyuʔ nan

nakan

datʰaʔ

-na:m

-ma:n

ma-ʔod

-al

-l

-m

-t̪u

jalil

diyuʔ

-n

because

old woman

-the

-she

her daughter-in-law

-acc.

here

-dir.

head lice

-command

head

-from

just

head lice

lots

-ing

so then the old woman (said) to her daughter-in-law, "look for lice here! my head is just full of lice"

ma:n ditʰaldo nakan ʔa: ma:dal danat̪ye
	ma:n	ditʰal	-do	nakan	ʔa:	ma:dal	danat̪	-ye
	she	sick	-evid.	because	I	her	visit	-past
I heard she was sick, so I visited her
EC

t̪iʔ ma:na:m pʰak t̪iyi hin himi nakan ʔa: mu:l daxan

t̪iʔ

ma:

-na:m

pʰak

t̪iyi

-n

-mi

-n

his.logo.

land

-the

sell

he.logo.

say

-ing

say

-emph.

because

that

help

-ing

that one said he is selling his land, so I am helping him

ma:daʔ kaweyona:m Sam dats'apji nakan John ka:y
	ma:daʔ	kaweyo	-na:m	Sam	da-	-ts'ap	-ji	nakan	John	ka:y
	her	horse	-the	Sam	hand-	-slap	-semelf.	because	John	also
Sam slapped her horse so John did too because Sam slapped her horse, John also did
EC

Sam kaweyona:m dats'apji nakan John ka:y
	Sam	kaweyo	-na:m	da-	-ts'ap	-ji	nakan	John	ka:y
	Sam	horse	-the	hand-	-slap	-semelf.	because	John	also
Sam slapped the horse so John did too because Sam slapped the horse, John also did
EC

nakaha kaweyona:mya:ʔ miti:ji
	na	-ka	-ha	kaweyo	-na:m	-ya:ʔ	miti:	-ji
	be	-cause	-having	horse	-the	-nom.	lie	-semelf.
so then the horse lay down
EC

minakan muu t̪o: yowxayaʔkʰe hin shit̪t̪an
	min	-nakan	muu	t̪o:	yowxayaʔ	-kʰe	hi	-n	shit̪	-t̪a	-n
	thus	-because	there	me	Ukiah	-from	say	-ing	name	-mev.	-ing
so then there (they) named me (to be) from Ukiah
EC

nakan datʰaʔna:ma:n ts'it̪na:mu:l haywi pʰila:jin

nakan

datʰaʔ

-na:m

-ma:n

ts'it̪

-na:m

-mu:l

hay

-wi

pʰi-

-la:

-ji

-n

because

old woman

-the

-she

bird

-the

-that

stick

-with

with long object-

-swing and miss

-semelf.

-ing

so then the old woman swung at that bird with a stick (and missed)
so then the old lady tried to hit that bird with a stick

mo:w manaʔ shuʔun nakan
	mo:w	mana	-ʔ	shuʔun	nakan
	he	pay	-semelf.	cannot	because
because he cannot pay because he is unable to pay
ES

minakan mu:l xa:pʰit'aʔanya
	min	-nakan	mu:l	xa:pʰit'a	-ʔa	-n	-ya
	thus	-because	that	pity	-semelf.	-ing	-passive
that is why that one is pitied that is why (people) feel sorry for him
EC

tsinakan t̪a ma:n hala minnidiʔ
	tsinakan	t̪a	ma:n	hala	minni	-di	-ʔ
	why	Q	she	again	pregnant	-present	-Q
why did she get pregnant again?
EC

nakan mil mo:wal jaw deyan
	nakan	mil	mo:wal	ja	-w	de	-ya	-n
	because	for.that	him	in	-dir.	bring	-passive	-ing
so then he is being arrested for that he is being brought in because of that
EC

nakan mil jaw deyan
	nakan	mil	ja	-w	de	-ya	-n
	because	for.that	in	-dir.	bring	-passive	-ing
so then (he) is being arrested for that (he) is being brought in because of that
EC

tsinakan t̪a ma mu:l jats'a:ʔ
	tsinakan	t̪a	ma	mu:l	ja-	-ts'a:	-ʔ
	why	Q	you	that	rear-	-break	-Q
why did you break that?
EC