t̪it̪i | baju: | t̪'a | -n | mo:w | ma:dal | duhu | -ka | -y | |
he.logo. | tired | feel | -ing | he | her | go | -cause | -past | |
t̪o: | mo:w | lok' | -ka | |
me | he | fall | -cause | |
mo:w | t̪o | mits'eleʔ | -ka | |
he | me | smile | -cause | |
t̪o: | mo:w | tsimu | -tsimu | -ka | |
me | he | sneer | -redup. | -cause | |
kaweyo | -na:m | mo:w | ja | -m | -ka | |
horse | -the | he | jump | -cont. | -cause | |
kaweyo | -na:m | mo:w | ja | -t̪ | -ka | |
horse | -the | he | jump | -mev. | -cause | |
mo:w | yal | k'aye | t̪ʰana | da- | -tsap | -ka | -muʔ | -ye | |
he | us | self | hand | hand- | -slap | -cause | -recip. | -past | |
ba:tʰe | mo:w | basam | -ye | |
lots | he | give a speech | -past | |
ma:dal | duhu | -ka | |
her | go | -cause | |
k'aye | mo:w | ma:dal | dasey | -ka | -ʔa | |
self | he | her | wash | -cause | -reflex. | |
ma:dal | dasey | -ka | |
her | wash | -cause | |
mo:w | ma:dal | shit'u:l | -am | -ka | |
he | her | wrap | -cont. | -cause | |
mo:w | t̪o: | kamat̪' | do | -de | |
he | me | angry | make | -present | |
ma:n | pʰowal | tʰem | maʔa | -ka | |
she | them | abalone | eat | -cause | |
she made them eat abalone | |||||
t̪o: | kamat̪' | -ye | |
me | mad | -past | |
mo:w | k'aye | kamat̪' | dodi | -ʔ | -ye | |
he | self | angry | make | -reflex. | -past | |
kawiya baa | -na:m | -mo:w | kawiya ma:t̪a | -na:m | -ma:dal | pʰik'a | shibu | -ka | |
boy | -the | -he | girl | -the | -her | basket | weave | -cause | |
the boy told the girl to weave a basket | |||||||||
mo:w | kal | don | -ye | |
he | bead | make | -past | |
mo:w | ma:dal | kal | don | -ka | |
he | her | bead | make | -cause | |
tsin | t̪a | jini: | don | -ʔa | -ʔ | |
how | Q | bread | make | -passive | -Q | |
tsinakan | t̪a | jini: | don | -ʔa | -ʔ | |
why | Q | bread | make | -passive | -Q | |
tsinakan | t̪a | jini: | don | -ʔa | -y | -ʔ | |
why | Q | bread | make | -passive | -past | -Q | |
tsinakan | t̪a | ʔal | jini: | don | -ʔa | -y | -ʔ | |
why | Q | this | bread | make | -passive | -past | -Q | |
ʔa: | ch'a: | mali | -ʔ | -ka | |
I | one | burn | -semelf. | -cause | |
I made one burn | |||||
diley | ʔa: | mali | -ʔ | -ka | |
all | I | burn | -semelf. | -cause | |
I made it all burn | |||||
ʔa: | diley | mali | -ʔ | -ka | |
I | all | burn | -semelf. | -cause | |
I made it all burn (2) | |||||
ʔa: | diley | mali | -t̪a | -ka | |
I | all | burn | -mev. | -cause | |
I made all (of those) burn | |||||
muu | ʔal | mo:wal | k'aye | pʰaley | -ka | -ʔ | -ya | |
there | this | him | self | burn | -cause | -reflex. | -passive | |
there is where they made him burn himself | ||||||||
ʔa: | ma:dal | so | jime | -ka | |
I | her | clover | gather | -cause | |
mo:w | t̪o: | k'elu | -k'elu | -ka | |
he | me | cough | -redup. | -cause | |
kawiya baa | -na:m | -mo:w | kawi | -na:m | mina | -ʔ | -ka | |
boy | -the | -he | child | -the | cry | -semelf. | -cause | |
mo:w | ma:dal | pʰowal | kapʰu | -ʔ | -ka | |
he | her | them | curse | -semelf. | -cause | |
John | Sam | -t̪u | k'aye | ja- | -xa | -ʔ | -ka | -ʔa | |
John | Sam | -acc. | self | with knife- | -cut | -semelf. | -cause | -reflex. | |
ʔa: | pʰowal | k'aye | ja- | -xa | -ʔ | -muʔ | -ka | -y | |
I | them | self | with knife- | -cut | -semelf. | -recip. | -cause | -past | |
muu | pʰowal | k'aye | ja- | -xa | -ʔ | -muʔ | -ka | -ya | |
there | them | self | with knife- | -cut | -semelf. | -recip. | -cause | -passive | |
(they) made them cut themselves there | |||||||||
ba-kaʔ | ma:dal | mo | dihel | -ka | |
her maternal grandmother | her | hole | dig | -cause | |
ba-kaʔ | ma:dal | mo | dihel | -ka | |
his maternal grandmother | her | hole | dig | -cause | |
hayu | -na:m | -ya:ʔ | kaweyo | -na:m | ja | -ka | |
dog | -the | -nom. | horse | -the | jump | -cause | |
mo:wal | ʔa: | lok' | -t̪a | -ka | |
him | I | fall | -mev. | -cause | |
mo:w | ma:dal | lok' | -ka | |
he | her | fall | -cause | |
ya | -na:m | -ya:ʔ | ja | -na:m | sha | -m | -ka | |
wind | -the | -nom. | house | -the | fall | -cont. | -cause | |
the wind made the house collapse | ||||||||
ja | -na:m | pʰow | sha | -m | -ka | |
house | -the | they | fall | -cont. | -cause | |
they made the house collapse | ||||||
ya | mato | ko | -ja | -he | ja | -na:m | sha | -m | -ka | -n | lok' | -ka | -n | |
wind | big | out | -jump | -having | house | -the | fall | -cont. | -cause | -ing | fall | -cause | -ing | |
a strong wind, having come out, made the house collapse | ||||||||||||||
jom xale | -na:m | diley | sha | -t̪a | -m | -ka | -ya | |
grey pine tree | -the | all | fall | -mev. | -cont. | -cause | -passive | |
(they) made all of the grey pine trees collapse | ||||||||
wayʔe | maʔa | do | -ʔ | -ya | |
early | food | make | -semelf. | -passive | |
ma:n | ma-t'i | -l | ʔuymo | dasey | -ka | -ʔa | |
she | her younger sister | -acc. | face | wash | -cause | -reflex. | |
ma:n | ma-t'i | -l | t̪it̪i | ʔuymo | dasey | -ka | |
she | her younger brother | -acc. | her.logo. | face | wash | -cause | |
ma:n | ma-t'i | -l | ʔuymo | t̪it̪i | dasey | -ka | |
she | her younger brother | -acc. | face | her.logo. | wash | -cause | |
yem | ʔul | nant̪e | ma-pʰane | min | -ʔi | dakol | nakan | mo:w | ma:dal | min | dode | hi | -n | ba-tʰe | t̪'a:ʔad | -e | |
old | now | but | her daughter | thus | -adv. | wild | because | he | her | thus | make | say | -ing | her mother | think | -present | |
k'abat' | hay | -wi | ma:n | ho | ba:ma | |
madrone | wood | -with | she | fire | build (a fire) | |
k'abat' | -wi | ma:n | ho | ba:ma | |
madrone | -with | she | fire | build (a fire) | |
du: | ja:ʔ | -yajuʔ | balay | t̪ʰin | -t̪a | meʔ | ʔal | xamal | bane | -m | -ka | -n | |
different | person | -obl. | blood | not | -Q | char. | this | inside | flow | -cont. | -cause | -ing | |
a blood transfusion was done | |||||||||||||
pʰit̪'am | -na:m | -mu:l | -ya:ʔ | datʰaʔ | -na:m | -ma:dal | ʔis | -ka | |
flower | -the | -that | -nom. | old woman | -the | -her | sneeze | -cause | |
ʔa: | mo:wal | pʰit̪'am | da- | -yo:y | -ka | |
I | him | flower | hand- | -gather | -cause | |
ʔa: | pʰide | -w | -ʔ | -ka | |
I | fly | -dir. | -semelf. | -cause | |
ʔa: | pʰit̪e | -w | -ʔ | -ka | |
I | fly | -dir. | -semelf. | -cause | |
k'aye | kʰe | mo:w | maʔa | dode | |
self | from | he | food | make | |
he made himself food | |||||
mo:w | k'aye | kʰe | maʔa | dode | |
he | self | from | food | make | |
he made himself food (2) | |||||
t̪iʔ | k'aye | kʰe | mo:w | maʔa | dode | |
him.logo. | self | from | he | food | make | |
he made himself food (3) | ||||||
ch'a:ma: | ya | maʔa | do | -ʔo | |
together | we | food | make | -reflex. | |
ʔa: | pʰowal | diyo:ts | -ji | -ka | |
I | them | (people) gather (disordered) | -semelf. | -cause | |
situ | diyo:ts | -ka | |
wrinkle | gather | -cause | |
t̪it̪i | mo:w | shuʔu | -ʔ | -ka | -ka | -n | ma:n | mo:wal | jabane | |
her.logo. | he | crazy | -semelf. | -cause | -cause | -ing | she | him | kill | |
she killed him because he made her crazy | ||||||||||
ma:dal | dase | -ʔ | -ka | -do | |
her | wash | -reflex. | -cause | -evid. | |
I heard she was made to wash herself | |||||
mo:wal | duhu | -ka | -do | |
him | go | -cause | -evid. | |
mo:wal | ʔa: | show | -ʔ | -ka | |
him | I | hear | -semelf. | -cause | |
I let him hear | |||||
ma:n | mo:wal | show | -ʔ | -ka | |
she | him | hear | -semelf. | -cause | |
mo:wal | show | -ʔ | -ka | -ya | |
him | hear | -semelf. | -cause | -passive | |
(they) let him hear (it) | |||||
Essie | t̪o: | t̪it̪i | daxa | -ka | |
Essie | me | her.logo. | help | -cause | |
Essie let me help her | |||||
mo:wal | k'aye | sip'u:n | -ka | -ʔa | -ya | |
him | self | kiss | -cause | -reflex. | -passive | |
(they) made him kiss himself | ||||||
pʰow | k'aye | xol- | -sip'u:n | -ak | -muʔ | -ye | |
they | self | around- | -kiss | -cause | -recip. | -past | |
ma:daʔ | mo:w | maʔa | dode | |
her | he | food | make | |
he made her food | ||||
mo:w | ma:daʔ | maʔa | don | -ye | |
he | her | food | make | -past | |
he made her food (2) | |||||
mo:w | ma:daʔ | maʔa | yehe:n | -ye | |
he | her | food | make | -past | |
he made her food (3) | |||||
mo:w | ma:dal | shiʔe: | kasa | -ka | -ka | -n | mo:w | ma:daʔ | maʔa | don | -ye | |
he | her | salt | abstain | -cause | -cause | -ing | he | her | food | make | -past | |
because he had her abstain from salt, he made her food | ||||||||||||
ma:daʔ | ʔa: | maʔa | dode | |
her | I | food | make | |
I made her food | ||||
ʔa: | mo:wal | bishe | mit̪'ak | -t̪a | -ka | |
I | him | meat | cook | -mev. | -cause | |
I let him cook meat again and again | ||||||
bishe | kii | -na:m | ʔa: | mo:wal | mit̪'ak | -ka | |
meat | lots | -the | I | him | cook | -cause | |
ʔa: | mo:wal | bishe | mit̪'ak | -ka | |
I | him | meat | cook | -cause | |
I let him cook meat | |||||
mo:wal | bishe | -na:m | mit̪'ak | -ka | -ya | |
him | meat | -the | cook | -cause | -passive | |
(they) let him cook the meat | ||||||
ma:dal | meʔ | milaxan | -ya | |
her | char. | mocking | -passive | |
she is the kind that's mocked | ||||
ma:dal | meʔ | mu:l | milax | -ʔa | -y | |
her | char. | that | make fun of | -passive | -past | |
she was the kind that was mocked | ||||||
ja:ʔ | milax | -ʔa | -y | mu:l | -ya:ʔ | hayu | jabane | |
person | mock | -passive | -past | that | -nom. | dog | kill | |
the person that (they) mocked killed a dog | ||||||||
pʰow | pʰowal | milaxan | -ye | |
they | them | making fun of | -past | |
they mocked them | ||||
shik'ot̪' | -ya:ʔ | xol | jawin | -ka | -n | Cathy | tʰiyaʔa | |
mouse | -nom. | around | run | -cause | -ing | Cathy | fear | |
the mouse running around made Cathy scared | ||||||||
kawi | -na:m | -yajul | t̪'o | -t̪'o | -ka | -n | |
child | -acc. | -acc. | mother's milk | -nurse | -cause | -ing | |
the baby is being breastfed the baby is being made to suckle | |||||||
pʰow | ma:dal | meʔ | milax | -ye | |
they | her | char. | make fun of | -past | |
they were the kind to poke fun at her they mocked her | |||||
k'aye | mo:w | yoʔhe:de | -ʔe | |
self | he | make fun of | -reflex. | |
pʰowal | mo:w | yoʔhet̪aʔa | |
them | he | make fun of (plural) | |
ʔa: | ma:dal | yoʔhen | -ka | |
I | her | make fun of | -cause | |
nan | meʔ | ʔal | yal | hint̪il | -yajul | hawilda | yoʔhet̪aʔa | -n | |
and | char. | this | us | Indian | -acc. | long time ago | make fun of (plural) | -ing | |
pʰow | mo:wal | yoʔhet̪aʔa | |
they | him | make fun of (plural) | |
mo:w | k'o | shi: | -ma | -ʔ | -ye | mu:l | mil | ma:n | yoʔt̪'aka | |
he | what | wear | -cont. | -reflex. | -past | that | from.that | she | sneer at | |
she insulted what he wore she teased him about what he wore she sneered at what he was wearing | ||||||||||
mo:w | k'o | shi: | -ma | -ʔ | -ye | mu:l | ma:n | yoʔt̪'aka | |
he | what | wear | -cont. | -reflex. | -past | that | she | insult | |
she insulted what he wore (2) she teased him about what he wore (2) she sneered at what he was wearing (2) | |||||||||
mo:w | hay | ma- | -ts'a: | -ka | |
he | wood | foot- | -break | -cause | |
he intentionally broke the wood with his foot | |||||
mo:w | hay | di- | -ts'a: | -ka | |
he | wood | with fingers- | -break | -cause | |
he intentionally broke the wood with his fingers | |||||
kawiya baa | -na:m | -mo:w | hay | -na:m | di- | -ts'a: | -ka | |
boy | -the | -he | wood | -the | by gravity- | -break | -cause | |
the boy intentionally broke the wood | ||||||||
mo:w | mu:l | di- | -wat | -ji | -ka | -y | |
he | that | by gravity- | -crush | -semelf. | -cause | -past | |
he intentionally crushed that he destroyed that on purpose | |||||||